The AO or MO shapes themselves are often not shown on these diagrams. Appropriate AO and MO levels are filled with electrons by the Pauli Exclusion Principle, symbolized by small vertical arrows whose directions indicate the electron spins. Degenerate energy levels are commonly shown side by side. Lines, often dashed diagonal lines, connect MO levels with their constituent AO levels. Molecular orbital diagrams are diagrams of molecular orbital (MO) energy levels, shown as short horizontal lines in the center, flanked by constituent atomic orbital (AO) energy levels for comparison, with the energy levels increasing from the bottom to the top. A mathematical description was provided by contributions from Douglas Hartree in 1928 and Vladimir Fock in 1930. Qualitative MO theory was introduced in 1928 by Robert S.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |